Temporal/time refers to:

Temporal or time-related aspects in the context of sound specifically address how sound evolves over a period. This includes examining the dynamics of sound waves as they vary with time, such as the onset and decay of sounds, changes in amplitude, and the duration of sound events. This temporal analysis helps in understanding the characteristics of sound including rhythm and pacing, which are essential in fields such as music, speech perception, and auditory processing.

Considering the other options, the perception of sound relates more to psychological interpretation (which does not directly pertain to the concept of time) rather than time itself. Frequency pertains to how fast sound waves oscillate but does not capture the essence of change over time. Volume refers to the loudness or intensity of sound and, while it is a critical aspect of sound, it is separate from its temporal properties. Thus, focusing on how sound changes over time is an essential component of understanding temporal effects in acoustics.